Punk's Not Dead: on the history of the punk movement

Punk appeared in the United States in 1964, where a huge number of local bands emerged under the influence of The Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Since the late 50s, American youth have had their own music. On the streets of cities one could often see teenagers frightening passers-by with their appearance, drinking alcoholic beverages in front of decent citizens, making noise and creating all kinds of "lawlessness". This "wave of punk" was practically invisible, at that time punks gathered exclusively in garages, basements, underground clubs.   That's what everyone thought until the punk rock storm hit the UK. Punk culture in Western Europe also originated under the influence of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones, as well as the Sex Pistols.   The connecting link between American and British punk was Malcolm McLaren, who created the Sex Pistols and tried to use the example of this group to bring the ideas of Situationism to life. This group is not so much a phenomenon of rock music as of conceptual art, from the moment of its inception and ending with the moment of disbandment after a punk concert in San Francisco in January 1978. The success of the Sex Pistols spawned many other British punk bands: so Joe Strummer, who saw the Sex Pistols at the very beginning of their short career, left The 101'ers with the wording: "We were yesterday's newspaper" and created The Clash. The punk movement developed in parallel with the success of such bands.   In their music, they expressed the idea of ​​permissiveness. Imitation of musical idols and denial of social norms, protest against the authorities and society have transformed into rebellious defiant behavior. Excessive and demonstrative use of alcohol and drugs is also a characteristic sign of punks, as one of the forms of protest against a healthy lifestyle. The desire to demonstrate personal freedom manifested itself in the choice of anarchist symbols in red and black.   f we move away from the usual definitions of this trend, then, perhaps, the following quatrain of Andrei Voznesensky speaks very succinctly about it, as well as about punk ethics itself:     When market speculators Ask the price of Čiurlionis, Poets go into the knights of Black mockery   There is a strong negative opinion about punks in the public sphere. Behind the outward sloppiness and aggressive behavior lies a persistent desire for self-affirmation and self-expression. What is the outward manifestation of protest?   - Clothing. An obligatory element is a short dark leather jacket with metal rivets and red and black T-shirts with anarchist symbols, creating an image of relaxed negligence.   - Shoes. These, of course, are reptiles - bulky, heavy boots with a shaft and a rough sole.   - Behavior. Demonstratively disdainful of the authorities and public opinion. Breaking aggressiveness and independence towards stereotypes. Addiction to drink and drugs.   - Hairstyle. They love bright hair colors, so they dye them in various shades of red, green, purple tones. Of particular importance is the fixation of hair in the form of a reared militant mohawk. Music. Differs in the sound of affirming rhythms, drive and expression.  

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